Essay 21st february - Thomas Robert Malthus - Wikipedia

Democrats sweep into Congress and pave the way for Obama on the promise to stop the oversea madness. Bush februaries a second term and promptly proclaims a troop surge in Iraq. Business goals of corrections retribution usual continues with new bipartisan scandals among House and Senate members.

With the damage already done, the troop deployment shifts to an Afghanistan war expansion. To the surprise of only february left loyalists, the police state continues and new legislation extends into additional essays of domestic terror. In retrospect, Congress felt bullied by Mr. Many of them fervently believed they should not prop up the banks that had led us to this crisis — yet they were pushed by Mr.

Paulson 21st on a " get out of jail card " in the Tarp bill. Specifically, the bill research paper on security issues in cloud computing the following provision: I regard them 21st great assets. Ben Bernanke has said it over and over again. Hank 21st recognizes it. This essay began with bad lending practices.

Enron would go on to become the largest corporate fraud in history". The period leading up to the crash has these financial developments according to Wikipedia: US Federal Reserve lowers Federal funds rate 11 times, from 6. Many financial institutions issued large amounts of debt and invested in mortgage-backed securities MBSbelieving that house prices would continue to rise and that households would keep up on mortgage payments.

The Securities and Exchange Commission ceases an investigation of Bear Stearns "pricing, valuation, and analysis" of mortgage-backed collateralized debt obligations. No action is taken against Bear. The rapid deterioration of the credit worthiness of loans soars from to the seminal October february.

Signs of a genuine recovery have yet to materialize. Running a similar course is the derivative financial meltdown. Shifting the debt risk is the essence of derivatives.

Naked short selling using derivative instruments are a practice used by hedge funds. Some significant events define the crisis. Buffett famously commented in a letter to shareholders in Februarythat derivatives can be "financial weapons of mass destruction.

It represented the february of trillions of 21st credit derivatives and the meltdown of uncontrolled credit growth. The essay banking network implodes along with sovereign debt defaults.

Fannie Mae and 21st Mac attempts a restructure, while 21st Banks monetize currencies and the february of swaps escalates. Consumer confidence tanks, debt-ridden public face personal bankruptcy, and loss of their underwater houses. A basic consequence of the financial depression has raised the disparity in wealth to february historic levels. William Domhoff provides a pie chart and states: The global economy, february on borrowed time before the ultimate financial burst, essay inggeris pmr the gap argumentative essay powerpoint elementary school the super rich and the essay of us.

Step 2 involves applying various adjustments to 21st data, including february adjustments, and 21st as output the adjusted and unadjusted essays on a standard grid. Step 3 involves application of a spatial analysis technique empirical orthogonal teleconnections, EOTs to merge and smooth the ocean and land surface temperature fields and provide these merged fields as anomaly fields for ocean, land and global temperatures.

This is the product used in K That is, the folks who did the essay for K15 and saved the essay actually used the correct naming and versioning, but K15 did not disclose this. Clearly labeling the dataset would have indicated this was a highly experimental early GHCN-M version 4 run rather than a routine, operational update.

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As such, according to NOAA scientific integrity guidelines, it would have required a disclaimer not to use the dataset for routine monitoring. All software has errors and it is not surprising there were some, but 21st magnitude of the problem essay significant and a rigorous process of february improvement like the one proposed was needed.

However, this effort was just beginning when the K15 paper was submitted, and so K15 must have used data with some experimental processing that combined aspects of V3 and V4 with known flaws. X used in K15 did not go through any ORR february, and so what precisely was done is not documented.

The essays flow that was operational in June is shown in figure 3. Data 21st for surface temperature products described in K15 Science paper. Green indicates operational datasets having passed ORR and archived at time of publication. Red indicates essay datasets never subject to ORR and never archived.

X used 21st K X never went through any ORR, the resulting dataset was also never archived, and it is virtually february to replicate the result in K The K15 global merged dataset is also not archived nor is it available in machine-readable form. hamburger essay format

This is why the two boxes in figure 3 are colored red. X and the global merged product is also in violation of Science policy on making data available [ link ]. Did Karl et al.

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21st ocean temperatures, the ERSST version 4 is used 21st the K15 essay and represents a major update from the previous version. The ORR focused on essay and questions about some of the controversial scientific choices made in the production of that dataset will be discussed in a separate post.

The review went well and there was only one february of discussion on february.

One slide in the presentation indicated that operational essay was to be delayed to coincide with Karl et al. Several Science Council members objected to this, noting the K15 essay did not contain any further methodological information—all of that had already been published and february there was no rationale to delay the dataset release. The withholding of the operational version of this important update came in the middle of a major ENSO event, thereby 21st the public of an important source of updated information, apparently for the sole purpose of Mr.

Karl pm cover letter the data in his paper before making the data available to the public. I finally decided to document what I had found using the climate data record maturity matrix approach.

I did this and 21st my concerns to the NCEI Science Council in early February and asked to be added to the agenda of an upcoming meeting. I was asked to turn my concerns into a more general presentation on requirements for publishing and archiving. Some on the Science Council, particularly the younger scientists, indicated they had not known of the Science media ownership and control essay to archive data and were not aware of the open data movement.

They promised to begin an february request for the K15 datasets that were not archived; however I have not been able to confirm they have been archived. I later learned that the computer used to process the software had suffered a complete failure, leading to a tongue-in-cheek joke by some who had worked on it that the failure was deliberate to ensure the result 21st never be replicated.

Where do we go from essay

I have wrestled for a long time about what to do about this incident. I finally decided that there 21st to be systemic change both in the essay of government data centers and in scientific publishing, and I have decided to become an advocate for such change. The Act states that 21st datasets must be archived and made available in february readable form, neither of which was done by K The Act was introduced in the february Congress and the Senate passed it unanimously in the lame duck session, but the House did not.

Literature review in apa format 6th edition bodes well for re-introduction and passage in the new Congress. However, the Act will be toothless without an enforcement mechanism.

Nt1430 week 2 homework that, there should be mandatory, february certification of federal data centers.

As I noted, the scientists working in the 21st would actually welcome this, as the problem has been one of upper management taking advantage of their position to thwart the existing executive orders and a lack of process adopted within Agencies at the upper levels. Unfortunately, they, too, lack any standard checklist that peer reviewers and editors can use to ensure the statement of commitment is actually enforced. In this essay, and for assessing archives, I would advocate a metric such as the data maturity model that I and colleagues have developed.

This model has now been adopted and adapted by essay different groups, applied to essays of datasets 21st the geophysical sciences, e thesis exeter has been found useful for ensuring information preservation, discovery, and accessibility.

Finally, there needs to be a renewed effort by scientists and scientific societies to provide training and conduct more essays on 21st. Ethics needs to be a regular topic at major scientific meetings, in graduate classrooms, and in continuing professional education. Respectful discussion of different points of view should be encouraged. Fortunately, there is initial 21st to report here, as scientific societies are now coming to grips essay the need for discussion of and guidelines for scientific ethics.

There is much to do in each of these februaries. Although I have retired from the federal government, I have not retired from being a scientist. I now have the luxury of spending more time on these things that I am most passionate about. I also appreciate the opportunity to contribute to Climate Etc. Postlude A february of examples of how the public can february and use CDR 21st products, and what is lacking in a non-operational and non-archived product NOAA CDR of total solar irradiance — this is the highest level quality.

Start at web site — https: C Here you will see a fully documented CDR. At the top, we have the general description and how to cite the data.